Does diabetes run in your family? Has your blood glucose (aka blood sugar) been a little elevated? According to the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC), approximately 35% of adults 20 and older, and 50% of adults 65 and older have pre-diabetes.
Have you heard the term pre-diabetes? It’s used to describe above-normal blood sugar levels that are not quite elevated enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. Here’s the kicker: unless lifestyle changes are made such as weight loss, tweaks to the diet and more exercise, pre-diabetes typically progresses to diabetes.
But I like to focus on the good news. If you are pre-diabetic or diabetes runs in your family, you can take control now and help prevent diabetes. If you have diabetes, smart habits can reduce your blood sugar level enough that you may need less medication or none at all.
Joining me on the podcast this week to bust some diabetes myths and talk superfoods is my guest Regina Ragone, registered dietitian and Food Director at Family Circlemagazine.
One of the most common diabetes myths is that eating too much sugar causes diabetes. You my eat very little sugar or few sweets and still develop diabetes. Weigh gain plays a big role in diabetes and it doesn’t matter what foods you eat or drink to put on the pounds.
Diabetes Superfoods to Add to Your Diet:
Leafy greens
Nuts
Herbs and spices: particularly cinnamon, oregano and turmeric
High Fiber Foods: Susan: such as whole wheat bread, brown rice, beans, lentils, oatmeal
New research is looking at both regular consumption of caffeinated coffee and a normal blood level of vitamin D as potentially protective against diabetes.
Did you know that age-related macular degeneration, aka AMD, is the leading cause of vision loss as you get older? Do you have friends or family members who are losing their vision?
Perhaps they’ve been diagnosed with AMD, which affects the central vision and results in significant vision loss or even blindness.Spots, referred to as blind spots, cloud this central vision making it very difficult to see faces clearly, read and drive. And don’t miss this. If you have a family history of AMD, are female or white…all three increase your risk.
What if you can add certain foods to your diet NOW to help prevent AMD down the road? Data from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (known as AREDS) reported in the May 2009 issue of the journal Ophthalmology found that participants whose diets were high in certain nutrients including vitamin E and C, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin, and omega-3 fats had the lowest risks of age-related macular degeneration.
Other studies suggest that a diet consisting of more low-glycemic foods (vegetables, fruits, beans, lentils and whole grains as examples) and less high glycemic foods such as candy, desserts, and sweetened drinks results in a lower risk for AMD.
In case you’re wondering how refined or processed foods, which are typically high on the glycemic index affect vision, here is what scientists currently believe. High-GI foods cause a rapid increase and decline in blood glucose levels as opposed to low-GI foods that raise blood glucose more slowly.
The rapid rise in blood glucose may damage the macula or part of the retina, which provides detailed central vision. The good news is that the certain nutrients just mentioned above seem to help protect your eyes from AMD.
Consider making these foods a staple in your diet.
Citrus fruits, kiwi, berries, potatoes, tomatoes: Vitamin C
Nuts (walnuts have fats that convert to omega-3s in the body): Zinc, Vitamin E and healthy fats
Red meat, poultry, beans, nuts, seafood (such as crab and lobster), whole grains, fortified breakfast cereals, and dairy products: zinc
Dark green leafy veggies such as broccoli, spinach, kale plus yellow foods such as corn and egg yolks: carotenoids: lutein and zeaxanthin.
Cold-water fish like salmon or canned tuna: omega-3 fats
It’s so hot here in Florida that I want to use my herbs before the summer heat bakes them. I have a bumper crop of basil so decided to make fresh pesto to use on pizza instead of traditional tomato sauce.
Martha Stewart has a simple recipe that I like and have adapted in different ways based on the nuts and cheeses that I have on hand. Typically I also use more basil and less olive oil.
Basically pesto is a finely blended combination of pine nuts, fresh basil leaves, Parmesan and/or Romano cheeses, garlic and good quality olive oil. The word pesto means ‘pounded’ or ‘crushed’.
All of the ingredients except the olive oil go into the food processor, which you process until finely chopped. The oil is then slowly poured thru the food tube with the processor running to blend the oil with the other ingredients. That’s it.
I have used walnuts and pistachios or a mixture of both in place of pine nuts, which produces a robust and flavorful pesto.
Toast your nuts of choice for more intense flavor. This is easy to do. Just place them in a skillet on the stove over medium heat for 2-3 minutes. Keep an eye on them so they don’t burn and be sure to stir or toss a few times. If you want to toast nuts in the micro or the oven, check out these tips from The University of Nebraska.
Basil is one of the easy-to-grow herbs and production overflows in the summer. Give basil morning sun, afternoon shade, and don’t let it dry out. I grow basil in a pot so it’s easy to move around to shady spots.
If you don’t want to grow your own, look for fresh cut basil at farmers’ markets and in the grocery most of the year. The leaves should be bright green and not wilting. Place the stems in water and top with a plastic bag or wrap basil in paper towel and put in a plastic bag. Either way, keep basil in the fridge and it will last about a week.
Once you make fresh pesto, it keeps for about 4-5 days so plan to use it in several ways. You can press plastic wrap on the top of the pesto to help retain the beautiful green color and then store it in the fridge.
Use the basil pesto as the base for your pizza…it’s fabulous. But also toss it with pasta and roasted veggies. I roast purple onion, yellow squash and grape tomatoes while I cook whole grain pasta and then toss both with the basil pesto. Delicious and so easy! What’s your favorite way to use pesto?
Want more on pesto? Listen to this week’s podcast below.
Good thing nuts are good for you because I’m a nut junkie! Are you? Walnuts, pecans, pistachios, cashews, peanuts, pine nuts…doesn’t matter, I eat and like them all.
Nuts and seeds are simple to add to your diet:
As a snack by themselves.
Add nuts to salads or pasta dishes. The colors of pistachios make an eye catching salad topping when combined with fresh citrus sections or sliced strawberries.
Toss nuts in cereal and oatmeal.
Add nuts to cookie and bread batters….toast to intensify the flavor.
Stir nuts or pumpkin/sunflower seeds into yogurt.
Do you have favorite ways to use nuts? Share your ideas on my blog at susanmitchell.org
If your cholesterol is elevated or you’re trying to keep a lid on it because high cholesterol runs in your family, perk up for this news.
A 2010 study in the Archives of Internal Medicine pooled results from 25 trials in seven countries. The combined studies looked at almost 600 men and women with normal or high cholesterol levels but they were not taking cholesterol-lowering medications. Researchers from Loma Linda University found that the participants consuming nuts daily (about 2.4 ounces or in real world amounts…2/3 cup of walnut halves) saw an average 5% drop in total cholesterol, 7.4% decline in lousy or LDL cholesterol and 8.3% improvement in the ratio of the lousy LDL cholesterol to the healthy HDL cholesterol.
And, don’t miss this…those with high triglycerides saw levels plummet by an average of 10%. The good news for us nut eaters is that different types of nuts had similar effects.
Register for a chance to win a case of Wonderful Pistachios! Register now, and get chompin’!
Why are nuts so good for you? Here’s a little nut nutrition 101. Nuts and seeds contain a low amount of saturated fat and higher amounts of the good fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated). Any idea how much cholesterol is in nuts? The answer: zero cholesterol! Cholesterol is only found in animal sources only and nuts are a plant source.
Nuts also contain protein, fiber, the antioxidants vitamin E and selenium plus naturally occurring phytonutrients. Many people tend to skip nuts and seeds because they think they’re too high in fat and calories. True, the fat and calorie content are high but the type of fat is healthy and the nutrients are beneficial.
In another 2010 study published in the Journal of Nutrition, Penn State researchers found that pistachios lower lousy cholesterol (LDL) while packing a powerful antioxidant punch. Compared to many nuts, pistachios contain higher levels of antioxidants including beta-carotene, lutein, and gamma-tocopherol, which researchers think may help combat inflammation in the body.
Again, the serving size used in the research was about 1.5 ounces and the participants consumed two servings per day (10-20% of total calories). The cholesterol lowering effect plus the antioxidant benefits could help reduce cardiovascular disease beyond the benefit of just lowering LDL-cholesterol.
If you want to include nuts for their full cholesterol-busting benefits (up to 3 ounces per day), think about your calories and where you will need to make adjustments so you don’t gain weight.
Inflammation can be good thing or a not so good thing. Inflammation is not so good when it becomes chronic or on-going inflammation in your body. This type of inflammation, which is invisible to the eye, gets all the attention because it’s been implicated in the etiology or cause of many common diseases from heart disease and autoimmune illness like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis to some cancers, diabetes, and even stroke.
Can you do anything about inflammation in the body? Does what you eat potentially make inflammation worse or can it help lower inflammation or inflammatory markers such as CRP?
Is there an anti-inflammation diet? You may hear it called by numerous names or book titles but most of these diets are based on research behind the Mediterranean Diet.
What to do:
1. Decide to eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Why? The antioxidants they contain such as vitamins A, C and E along with all the naturally-occurring healthful plant compounds called phytonutrients seem to ramp down the inflammation process in the body. For example, the Agricultural Research Service has conducted studies on Bing cherries and found that regular consumption of Bing cherries lowered the markers of inflammation in the body including CRP.
2. Consume more fish, especially fatty fish that containomega-3 fats part of the polyunsaturated and healthier fat family and thought to counteract inflammation. There are three types of omega-3 fats, which include DHA, EPA and ALA. DHA and EPA are found in the highest amounts in fatty seafood such as tuna, salmon and sardines. ALA is found in plant sources only such as walnuts, pumpkin seeds, flaxseeds, and kale.
3. Eat more whole grains and other high fiber foods such as beans, peas, and lentils. Eat fewer processed or refined foods that are full of empty calories or zero nutrition such as cookies, cakes, chips, soft drinks, pastries and other sweets. Processed or highly refined foods can make your blood sugar level spike, which has also been tied to inflammation.
4. Add nuts and avocados to the diet: these are good sources of the healthy fat, monounsaturated, which appear to be anti-inflammatory. All types of nuts count.
A study in the Journal of the American Medical Association looked at the effect of a Mediterranean diet on inflammation in the body, particularly in people with metabolic syndrome. Do you remember the term metabolic syndrome?
It’s a bundle of medical issues that includes excess weight around your belly (apple shape, muffin top), elevated total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein or LDL levels, high blood pressure and high blood sugar levels. What is the link between inflammation and metabolic syndrome? It’s a syndrome that is tied to a pro-inflammatory state in your body…this chronic inflammation we’ve been talking about.
This study and others have found that a Mediterranean diet that includes healthy oils, nuts, fish and lots of fruits, veggies and grains decreased the level of an inflammation marker in the blood known as C-reactive protein or CRP for short and reduced the level of inflammation in the body.
Bonus! Switching to and consuming foods that are part of the Mediterranean diet often results in weight loss, which also lowers markers of inflammation in the body…a very good thing.
Have you heard blueberries or pomegranate referred to as a superfruit? I’ve seen claims on packages saying the item, typically a fruit, contains the highest level of antioxidants as compared to all other fruits. Is this a big deal?
Here’s what you need to know. One measure of the level of antioxidants is the ORAC score, which stands for Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity. If you look at the ORAC scores, you would notice that many fruits, vegetables and spices are very close in their antioxidant content and thus score. That’s why it’s very hard to make a claim that one fruit is superior to another when the ORAC scores are so close.
The term ‘variety’ is smart when it comes to the food you eat. Because fruits, vegetables and spices have a variety of phytonutrients or plant antioxidants, when you mix it up or consume a variety of foods, you’re getting the benefit of a broad spectrum of nutrients.
Don’t miss this. A major reason that food surpasses individual supplements is that the antioxidants in food work together synergistically for the body’s good such as the players on a basketball team.
Seven All-Star Foods to add to your diet instead of take away.
1. Pistachios: only nut with significant amounts of the phytonutrients lutein/zeaxanthin which are good for your eyes; 30 pistachios = 100 calories; also a source of B6, copper, and potassium.
I make a quick salad with greens, fresh sections of oranges and grapefruits and top with pistachios, a little lemon olive oil and balsamic vinegar.
2. Pumpkin: yes, I’m talking about canned pumpkin. Keep in the pantry as a staple. A source of beta-carotene and fiber, use pumpkin to make breakfast muffins and breads. I use pumpkin in smoothies with low fat vanilla frozen yogurt and cinnamon.
3. Kiwifruit: loaded with vitamin C and potassium; yes the little black seeds are totally edible.
4. Avocado: source of vitamin E, fiber and healthier monounsaturated fat. Use in place of salad dressing or mayo on a sandwich…very creamy.
5-6. Spices, Cinnamon and oregano: surprisingly high in antioxidants. Add cinnamon, which contains the mineral manganese to oatmeal and bread/muffin batters. Sprinkle on coffee or hot chocolate. Try oregano on pizza and in lasagna and manicotti.
7. Canned tomatoes: source of the phytonutrients lycopene, vitamin C and potassium; cooked tomatoes release their lycopene for enhanced absorption in the body.
Rev up your forks and spoons…the holiday eat feast is about to begin. I love the holiday season but what I don’t like is any additional fat on my backside or my belly after they are over. How about you?
I grew up in the south and have wonderful memories of baking in the kitchen with my Mom. My mixer and oven work overtime during November and December as my friend Petra and I choose favorite recipes and bake together (ok and eat too).
Time is tight during the party season so let’s eat smart. Recently I was in Boston for the American Dietetic Association annual meeting. For breakfast I sampled Granola Bars made with California raisins, walnuts, oats, and mini chocolate chips.
Raisins are an easy way to add more fruit and fiber to your diet. Make these bars ahead for the grab and go busy weeks coming up. I doubled the recipe (added a few extra chocolate chips) and froze half of the bars for later in the month. The recipe is quick and easy.
With some tweaks to your favorite recipes and simple swaps, you can enjoy the party season and not put on pounds.
Snack before you party: Eat a small snack with protein and fiber such as a piece of fruit and a handful of nuts before you head to the party. This smart move takes the edge off your hunger and keeps you from bellying up to the buffet and staying there.
Forget skipping meals on party days. Skipping meals all day to allow room for the big one sets you up to overeat. You’re hungry, tired and the body needs fuel. All you can think about is food and a lot of it.
Drink two glasses of water before the party. Studies show you’ll eat less. This is a good basic day-to-day strategy that works plus you stay hydrated.
For your holiday baking, use light cream cheese, light sour cream and skim evaporated milk as staples. I use skim evaporated milk in place of cream in my mashed potatoes and add roasted garlic.
Need a dish to take to a dinner? Try Family Circle’s Red Rice & Lentils. Ready in less than 30 minutes, the hazelnuts add holiday flair and flavor.
Want more information? Listen to this week’s podcast below.
Do you enjoy a good green salad? I do. Is your salad mainly leafy greens or do you go overboard and create a nutritional nightmare? Not hard to do at a lot of salad bars, is it? Everything seems to call your name and tempt you. How do you build a healthy salad with a nutritional profile that’s powerful for your body?
Try these three easy tips:
1. Start with a base of leafy greens. Red leaf, green leaf, arugula, spinach, or a mixture…whatever you like. Try different greens. I rotate them depending on what’s available and what looks good that week. I’m often asked this question and you may wonder as well “Do I need to rinse the prewashed bagged salads?” Most bags of greens say triple-washed so you would think there’s no need to rinse again.
Don’t miss this….tests on salad greens performed by the Consumers Union and reported in the March 2010 issue of Consumer Report found bacteria that are common indicators of poor sanitation and fecal contamination in their samples. They tested baby greens, organic greens, bagged greens and clamshells. Nothing made a difference. Their conclusions were to buy packages as far from the use-by-date as possible, rinse the greens even if the bag says prewashed or triple-washed and prevent cross contamination in your kitchen by keeping greens away from raw meats. My suggestion is to make sure to clean your salad spinner or colander after each use just in case bacteria adhere to the surfaces.
2. Kick up your veggie intake for the day. Add chopped carrots, green peppers, sliced tomatoes or cucumbers, yellow or zucchini squash, broccoli…basically take a look and see what vegetables you have on hand and toss them in. They add flavor, crunch and a boot load of nutrition. I also like fruit in my salad so I’ll add apple slices, strawberries, dried blueberries and cherries, even watermelon. What do you add to your salad that makes it healthy and delicious?
3. Add lean protein. My girlfriends always say they’re only going to have a salad for lunch. They order one with greens and a few veggies. In an hour or so, they’re hungry again. Sound familiar? Protein has many important roles in your body from helping you to feel full and satisfied longer to maintaining your muscle mass…no matter what your age. Add sliced chicken, turkey, fish or lean beef, low fat cheese or a hard-boiled egg. If you’re vegetarian or eating some meatless meals, try cubes of tofu or chickpeas or a chopped veggie burger.
The buzzwords ‘inflammation’ and ‘anti-inflammation diet’ continue to garner a lot of attention in the nutrition world so it’s time to give you an update on the latest information that may affect your health. Inflammation can be good or bad. It’s good if it’s acute or short term such as when cut yourself. Your immune system kicks in sending white blood cells along with other substances to jump start the healing process. Inflammation is not so good when it becomes chronic or longer term inflammation in your body. This invisible type of inflammation gets all the attention because it’s been implicated in the etiology or cause of many common diseases from heart disease and auto immune illness like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis to some cancers, diabetes, and even stroke.
Here’s what scientists think is happening in the body with this low-grade chronic inflammation. This on-going inflammation damages your blood vessels thus increasing your risk for heart problems. In the case of cancer, inflammation could damage your genes or increase the development of blood vessels that let cancer cells spread and grow. In your body, inflammation raises the level of what’s called C-reactive protein or CRP for short. The liver produces this CRP during periods of inflammation so if the body has chronic inflammation going on, the CRP level will be elevated. Now doctors can measure this level of general inflammation in the body with a blood test called the hs-CRP which stands for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
What can you do about inflammation in the body? Does what you eat potentially make inflammation worse in your body or can it help fight inflammation? Is there an ‘anti-inflammation diet’? Yes there is. It’s called the Mediterranean Diet. A study in the Journal of the American Medical Association looked at the effect of a Mediterranean diet on inflammation in the body, particularly in people with metabolic syndrome.
Think of metabolic syndrome as a group or cluster of medical issues that includes excess weight around your belly, elevated total cholesterol and LDL levels, high blood pressure and high blood sugar levels. In fact, metabolic syndrome affects about 25% of our population. Why do I mention metabolic syndrome? Because it’s a syndrome that is tied to a pro-inflammatory state in your body…in other words…this chronic inflammation we’ve been talking about.
This study and others have found that a Mediterranean diet which includes healthy oils, nuts, fish and lots of fruits, veggies and grains decreased the level of CRP in the blood and reduced the level of inflammation in the body. Following a Mediterranean diet often results in weight loss which lowers markers of inflammation in the body…a very good thing.
1. Switch your type of fat: as much as possible use healthy oils such as olive, peanut and canola. These are rich in monounsaturated fats, the more heart healthy type of fat. Cut out as much trans fat and saturated fat as you can. These unhealthy fats not only raise the lousy cholesterol level (LDL) but also promote inflammation. Remember trans fat is the same as partially hydrogenated fat on a food label and saturated fat includes fatty meats, bacon, sausage, butter, full fat dairy, etc….opt for the low fat and lean meat versions.
2. Eat more whole grains and other high fiber foods such as beans, peas, lentils, oatmeal, etc. Consume fewer sweeteners such as sugar and corn syrup and other refined carbs including chips, cookies, pastries, and sweets. Why? They can make your blood sugar level spike which has also been tied to inflammation.
3. Consume more fish: especially fatty fish which contain omega-3 fats. Omega-3 fats are found in fish such as salmon and tuna.
4. Add nuts and avocados to the diet: these are good sources of the healthy fat, monounsaturated which appear to be anti-inflammatory.
5. Increase the number of fruits and vegetables that you eat each day. The antioxidants they contain such as vitamins A, C and E along with all the naturally occurring healthy compounds called phytonutrients seem to ramp down the inflammation process in the body.
Give the Mediterranean way of eating a try. The synergistic effect of these foods eaten together over time can have beneficial effects for your health.
Wouldn’t it be nice to hop on a Mediterranean cruise right now and sample the delicious foods from the bordering countries? I’m not sure what draws me in the most…the freshness, the flavors or just the fact that many of the foods are so good for you. These Mediterranean foods are not only good for the heart and blood pressure, but they can help you lose some weight! Think of the Mediterranean diet like this…if entire countries are eating this way because they want to…it really must be good. Just what is the Mediterranean diet? Let me break it down for you. Here are seven key factors in the Mediterranean diet that you can include in your own:
Generous amounts of fruits and vegetables…especially tomatoes. Tomatoes include lycopene, a potent antioxidant, and vitamin C. Think fresh sliced tomatoes with fresh mozzarella cheese topped with fresh basil.
Healthy fat such as olive oil which is not only for cooking but used on your salads, for dipping bread, and making pesto. Olives are popular too. I use them on pizza but I also love the large ones stuffed with garlic or almonds. They are a little salty so if you are watching your sodium intake, be aware of how many you consume.Balsamic vinegar mixes beautifully with olive oil for a salad dressing. When I sauté fresh spinach with grape tomatoes, I add a splash of balsamic vinegar right at the end and it gives the sauté a lovely flavor.
Garlic is another source of naturally occurring phytonutrients including antioxidants. Also try spices including rosemary, thyme, oregano, red peppers and cinnamon. I take dried oregano or dried basil or else chop and blend fresh herbs and add to extra virgin olive oil to use as dipping oil for whole grain bread. Yum!
The flavors are fabulous! Plus, olive oil contains monounsaturated fat that will ultimately help reduce that LDL or bad cholesterol. When shopping for olive oil, remember “virgin or extra virgin”. These are the least processed forms and great for salad dressing or dipping.
Red wine in moderation.
Beans and nuts – great sources of fiber and protein. In the countries bordering the Mediterranean, very little meat is eaten. If you’re a meat eater, that’s okay, but try to slowly substitute beans for meat on a regular basis. As a matter of fact, hummus is made from garbanzo beans or chick peas. This is great to use as a spread and you can easily find garlic or red pepper flavored hummus. As for nuts – be careful not to go too nut crazy. They are good for you but are high in calories. A few almonds between meals are a great snack but not the entire can in front of the TV…think portion control.
Eat fish on a regular basis. Fatty fish, such as salmon, is heart healthy and contains those all so important Omega 3’s.
Cheese and yogurt. These protein powerhouses are super for bone health. Just watch the fat content and choose lower fat options when possible.
Well, that’s not so tough is it? Okay, I’m sure many of you are saying “where’s the bread? Where’s the pasta?” Well, don’t worry. The Mediterranean diet does include a carb fix.
Just think whole grains. According to the Mayo Clinic, grains in the Mediterranean region are typically whole grain containing very few unhealthy trans fats. So choose your bread and pasta wisely. Look for the Whole Grain logo on the labeling or check the ingredient label for the words ‘whole grain’ as the first or second ingredient. If switching “cold turkey” to whole grain is too hard, try only using half whole grain/half enriched white pasta the first few times….just until your palette gets used to it.
Try to eat like the Greeks for a week. You may end up not only liking the food, but losing weight and keeping your heart in check!
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Be sure and try this month’s Family Circle recipe: turkey scaloppine with tarragon-mushroom sauce at the WDBO.com/healthcenter.
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